Hd2218一、单项填空(每题05分，共6分)从下面各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选择可以填入空白处的最佳选项。1My brother is very friendly______ gets along well with othersAHe BShe CI DYou2Wu Dajing，a gold medalist， started to practice speed skating ______the age of tenAon Bin Cfor Dat3-________do you play basketball with your classmates， David？-Twice a weekAHow often BHow long CHow soon DHow far4Our parents help and support us a lot， ______we should be thankful to themAbut Bor Cso Dbecause5-________you lend me your dictionary，Laura？Sorry， I cant I have just lent it to EricACould BShould CMust DNeed6We should keep in mind that nothing is________y than safetyAimportant Bmore important Cmost important Dthe most important7-Nick， take out the trash， please-Wait a minute， Mom I________an e-mail to Mr Smith nowAwrite Bam writing Cwrote Dwill write8The supermarket________ at 8:30 a.m. and closes at 8:30 p.m. every dayAis opening Bopened Copens Dwill open9All of us ________great progress since we started junior high schoolAmake Bmade Chave made Dwill make10The kids ________an online lesson when their parents arrived home yesterdayAtook Btake Care taking Dwere taking11A new hospital ________in the village by the government last yearAbuilds Bbuilt Cis built Dwas built12-Tom， do you know________？-Next FridayAwhen will we hold the sports meeting Bwhen we will hold the sports meetingCwhen did we hold the sports meeting Dwhen we held the sports meeting二、完形填空（每题1分，共8分）It was January 2021My second term in high school had just endedTwo weeks earlier，my parents checked my grades and 13 more than 20 missing tasksBright and able as I was，I had often struggled（挣扎）with 14 and procrastination（拖延），especially with writing tasksBut this time was different，and the pandemic（疫情）was to blameI was doing my first year partly from home-where I did my schoolwork on my own time，and，for the most part，without teacher guidanceThe 15 was too muchI could do a million other things rather than my homeworkI told my mom what I was missing from my teachers and classmates，When a teacher walks around the classroom，you want to be on task，and you dont want to fall behind the other studentsMy parents tried to help， but their 16 fell far short of their expectations Tired from working long days， they criticized rather than advised Late-night learning hours ended in 17 matches All three of us were upset and stressed outWe knew we couldnt solve this alone So when my mom heard that Steve Merrill， an experienced teacher， could help， she 18 outMr. Merrill told me that his students also had problems in the same areas: task organization and time management He taught me to break down big tasks into small ones We met twice a week， over video， where we could look over my tasks and put the skill into practiceAfter a few months， I started to see positive results My grades were improving My work habits were becoming more regular There were 19 late-night learning hours and fightsThe other evening I came downstairs to ask my parents for help with a writing task There was something different I had 20 most of it two days before the deadline! While I dont expect this school year to be easy， I now have some of the tools I need to help me through it13Acounted Bfinished Cchanged Dgave14Adiscussion Bexpression Ccompetition Dorganization15Aknowledge Bstress Cfreedom Dadvice16Arules Befforts Chabits Dexperiences17Asearching Breading Cjoking Dshouting18Areached Bhelped Cworked Ddropped19Abetter Bfewer Cstronger Dbusier20Ashared Bforgotten Ccompleted Dmistaken三、阅读理解（每题2分，共26分）AYou change into your pajamas，turn off the lights，and get yourself ready to sleepHow do you prefer to sleep，on the back or on your side？Here are some interesting sleeping positions21Which sleeping position often causes lower back pain？AStarfish BSoldier PositionCSleeping on Your Belly DFreefall22Sleeping in the soldier position helps _________.Ayou fall asleep quickly Bkeep your spine in a straight lineCyou breathe easily Dtreat the pain in your neck23If Tom likes to sleep in the freefall position， he might be _________.Asocial Bquiet Chonest DcarefulB Jeremiahs MistakeJeremiahs Mistake Jeremiah hurried into the kitchen and washed his hands He had exactly one hour until his father got home He wasnt used to starting dinner this early On his nights to cook， Jeremiah generally got dinner ready in fifteen minutes But Dad always praised Jeremiahs meals， no matter how simple they were “Delicious!”he would say But Jeremiah knew Dad liked more complicated (复杂的) dishes， because on Dads nights to cook， he used a ton of ingredients Dad was a natural cook Not Jeremiah-at least， not until tonightIt was Dads birthday， and for once in his life， Jeremiah was cooking something complicated: spaghetti with homemade sauce (酱) Hed eaten it a million times， so he knew most of the ingredients“Tomatoes， onions， garlic， beef，”he thought， looking through the fridge They had everything except the beef No problem -theyd go vegetarian tonightJeremiah cut up the vegetables with Dads special knife and put them into the potThen he turned to Dads spice（香料）collectionHe picked a few familiar ones and put them inThe pleasing smell of fresh tomatoes amazed him He tasted it just as Dad usually did It was terrible! Way too spicy Aha! A lime would cool things down He added in as much lime juice as he couldOne more taste Ugh It was awful! Now the sauce was sour and spicyHe left the kitchen and went into his room He could at least order pizza， so Dad wouldnt have to stay hungry on his own birthday As he counted his money， he heard the front door open“Hi，Jer!”Dad calledComingJeremiah returned to the kitchen，where he found Dad digging through the food cupboardIm buying pizza，Jeremiah saidIts not much of a birthday dinnerDad turned，holding a bag of chips and a bowl of Jeremiahs spaghetti sauceWe dont need pizza！Dad smiledThis delicious salsa（萨尔萨辣酱）is a meal in itself！24Why did Jeremiah decide to cook something complicated？ABecause it was his dads birthday BBecause his dad told him to do soCBecause he arrived home early DBecause he was a natural cook25Jeremiah thought the sauce he made was _________.Aneither sour nor spicy enough Bdifferent from what he had expectedCsimple but healthy Das delicious as he had imagined26What can we learn about Jeremiahs father？AHe takes his job seriously BHe is creative and strictCHe expects his son to be skillful DHe is loving and encouragingC Why Do Top Athletes Choke Under Pressure？According to classic economic theory， the higher the reward， the better the expected performance As a result， we could expect the best performance at the most important moments But why do we so often see the most talented and experienced athletes perform much worse than expected in important competitions like the Olympics？Why the Drop in Performance？It is not necessarily true that theres a direct relationship between incentives (激励) and achievementResearch has shown that increased motivation (动机) beyond a certain level harms an athletes performanceWe call this phenomenon choking under pressure Greater incentives may lead to higher levels of arousal (兴) The relationship between performance and arousal looks like an inverted U shape (倒U形)， meaning that performance is the best at certain levels of arousal and drops with over-arousalThe desire to perform as well as possible is thought to create performance pressure Many studies have shown increased pressure has a bad effect on athletes performance in skill-based games When people overthink or consciously monitor each step， the drop in performance happens28 Beyond the pressure coming from the important competitions， another thing that may add pressure is the level of expectations An experiment suggested high audience expectations harm performance in a skill-based task For example， one of the most famous biathletes in history， Martin Fourcade， said it was very emotional for him to compete in his home country and also much harder than competing abroad because of greater expectationsWe tested this home disadvantage by using data from biathlon (冬季两项) competitions over 17 yearsWe have found the most titled athletes miss a lot more shots when competing in their home country compared to when they compete abroad The most reasonable explanation likely relates to the level of expectations from the homelandHow to Deal with It？There are several ways to reduce stress， such as a countdown or taking a deep breath before the task But the base for any solution is to realize that stress affects performance Choking under pressure can happen to the best athletes and its not a shame to admit it The more athletes know about the effect pressure can have on them， the more likely they are to succeed at the highest level27What can we learn from choking under pressure？AThe higher the reward， the better the expected performanceBBetter achievement in games results from a drop in pressureCArousal beyond a certain level harms an athletes performanceDAthletes performance in games has something to do with their training28Which of the following would be the best heading for Paragraph 4 and 5？APressure as a Key to Improving PerformanceBPressure as a Push for Becoming Top-level AthletesCHigh Expectations as a Cause of Choking Under PressureDHigh Expectations as an Incentive to Compete in the Home Country29To deal with pressure， the athletes should first________.Aavoid the possible feelings of pressure Bshare their worries with friends and coachesCtry their best to succeed at the highest level Drecognize the effect of stress on performanceDNowadays， the online world is nearly as important as the real one It is not uncommon to see the whole Internet bands together to cancel someone after they make a mistake， which is called Cancel Culture It can result in a person， if famous， losing fans and having to face attacks online Even a normal person faces risks of losing their jobs or personal relationships While stepping foot on any social media platform， everyone including young children canfall victim toitCancel Culture is a lose-lose situation The person being canceled has to stand the negative effects of the Internet， and the people doing the canceling are contributing to (促成) the mindset that its okay to do this to people they dont knowYoung kids may not understand or contribute completely to Cancel Culture， but by simply being on the Internet， they can see it firsthand， affecting their real lives A New York Metro Parents article describes one girl who was canceled in school the same way people are canceled on the Internet， and her friends wouldnt even talk to or look at herDrPam Rultledge， a media psychologist， explains in her blog post that Cancel Culture discourages kids from expressing their opinions and standing up for others Its always an us against them mindset; anyone agreeing with the person being canceled is at risk of being left out online tooSo again I ask， what is this teaching our kids？ That they arent allowed to make mistakes？ That they have to be perfect？This may be the current narrative，but it shouldnt be Everyone messes up at some point， especially young children They shouldnt be publicly punished for it and not given the chance to change peoples minds Forgiveness is an important skill kids need to learn， and Cancel Culture is encouraging the oppositeOne small mistake doesnt make someone a bad person， but Cancel Culture makes them feel as if they are Cancel Culture doesnt have to exist We make it exist And just as easily， we can make it disappear by contributing to an online world full of praise and love30The underlined words in Paragraph 1 probably mean “ ”.Abe attracted to Bget used to Cbe shocked by Dget hurt by31Why does the writer mention the New York Metro Parents article in Paragraph 2？ATo explain why Cancel Culture does harm to childrens friendshipsBTo stress the importance of close relationships with friends for studentsCTo show how Cancel Culture has exercised influence on kids real livesD To suggest possible ways of changing the habit of overusing the Internet32 In Cancel Culture， a person who makes mistakes will be .Acomforted with great patience Bleft out and publicly punishedCtaught how to correct the mistakes Dblocked from using the Internet again33By saying in Paragraph 4，the writer wants to express that Cancel Culture .Ais easy to change Bhas a two-sided natureCis supposed to be canceled Dstops mistakes from being repeated四、阅读表达（每题2分，共10分）阅读短文，根据短文内容回答问题。Eradajere Oleita has a tradition on her birthday of finding some way to give backSo as her 25th birthday was around the corner in 2020，she started looking for her next projectShe found it when she came across a video on the Internet about how to iron foil-lined（铝箔内衬的）chip bags into sleeping bagsOleita said the video gave her the idea of the Chip Bag ProjectThis is a project that allows me to really bring two of my passions together， people and the environment，Oleita said We throw so much stuff away and never really think about where thats endingIt takes about four hours to sew (缝) a sleeping bag Each takes around 150 to 300 chip bags， depending on whether they re single-serve or family size，Oleita told The Detroit News Our sleeping bags are better than the cotton ones They are waterproof， lightweight， and easy to carry aroundOnce each sleeping bag is complete， its packed with other donated winter necessities such as socks， gloves and hats to be given away to homeless peopleSince its start in 2020， the Chip Bag Project has collected over 800，000 chip bags and， as of last December， created 110 sleeping bagsEvery time we get a chip bag were taking something-something thats not going into our water，Oleita saidAnd when we give somebody a bag，were giving warmth，and were helping a human lifeThe Chip Bag Project is just the latest environmental project for OleitaShe has also worked with the Youth Energy Squad，a program that teaches students about environmental sustainability（可持续性）One of her first large projects was creating a 6-foot-tall Minion character out of recycled plastic bottlesBefore，I felt like environmental things were not topics for people like me，Oleita saidBut now I believe that ea